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Author name: Theo Stein

A visible image of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha‘apai ash cloud as seen from NOAA's GOES-17 satellite on January 15, 2022.

A volcanic eruption sent enough water vapor into the stratosphere to cause a rapid change in chemistry

The eruption of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano on January 15, 2022, produced the largest underwater explosion ever recorded by modern scientific instruments, blasting an enormous amount of water and volcanic gases higher than any other eruption in the satellite era.

A volcanic eruption sent enough water vapor into the stratosphere to cause a rapid change in chemistry Read More >

The view from the WB-57 during one of the SABRE flights. Credit: NASA

NOAA scientists link exotic metal particles in the upper atmosphere to rockets, satellites

NOAA scientists investigating the stratosphere have found that in addition to meteoric ‘space dust,’ the atmosphere more than seven miles above the surface is peppered with particles containing a variety of metals from satellites and spent rocket boosters vaporized by the intense heat of re-entry.

NOAA scientists link exotic metal particles in the upper atmosphere to rockets, satellites Read More >

Sunset view from underneath an airplane's wing

NOAA researchers fly out over the Pacific to investigate cloud-forming marine sulfur

While the shade offered by clouds on a hot sunny day can be obvious, quantifying the actual climate impact in terms of solar energy remains a challenging task. This is because the volume, thickness, and lifetime of marine clouds can change rapidly, and the processes that govern how and where clouds  form and how gases and aerosols in the air interact with cloud droplets are highly complex. In a marine environment, many of those gases and aerosols in the air come from the ocean itself. 

NOAA researchers fly out over the Pacific to investigate cloud-forming marine sulfur Read More >

Underwater coral reef with group of tropical fish anthias, Red sea resort concept, Egypt

Global ocean roiled by marine heatwaves, with more on the way

The surface temperatures of about 40% of the global ocean are already high enough to meet the criteria for a marine heatwave — a period of persistent anomalously warm ocean temperatures — which can have significant impacts on marine life as well as coastal communities and economies. The new forecast by the Physical Sciences Laboratory (PSL) projects that it will increase to 50% by September, and it could stay that way through the end of the year.

Global ocean roiled by marine heatwaves, with more on the way Read More >

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